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Dil aur shariyano ki bemariyon aur faalij ke baare mein aam khayal yeh hua karta tha ke is se aksar ameer log mutasir hote hain. Is mafroze ki buniyad yeh thi ke shayad yeh log bohot zyada gosht aur charbi se bharpoor ghizayen khate hain.
Tahamm pichle kuch salon mein dil ki bemari mein mubtala logon ki barhti hui tadaad ki wajah aur ghareebon mein is aarzi ke baare mein reports aur mutaliat samne aaye hain, jin mein sabse haali taja tehqeeq bartani university ki taraf se ki gayi hai.
Oxford ne guzashte 20 salon mein amraz-e-qalb mein badalte hue rujhanat aur musalsal challenges ka inkishaaf kiya hai.
Muhaqqiqeen ne do crore 20 lakh logon ke electronic health records ka tajziya kiya. Is mein ek crore sare 65 lakh afraad 2000 aur 2019 ke darmiyan kam az kam ek dil ki bemari mein mubtala the. In afraad ki oosth umr 70.5 saal thi, jin mein se 48% khawateen thin.
Tehqeeq se pata chala hai ke ghareeb ilaqon mein rehne wale logon ko dil ki bemariyan hone ka imkaan ameer ilaqon mein rehne walon ke muqablay mein dugna hota hai.
Dil ki bemari se kya murad hai?
Dil ki bemariyon, jinhein ijtimaee tor par qalbi amraz (CVD) kaha jata hai, mein aise halat ka aik group shamil hota hai jo dil aur khoon ki naliyoun ko mutasir karti hain. Dil ki bemari ki kuch aam qisam yeh hain:
- Coronary Artery Disease: Yeh dil ki un shariyano mein maday jamne se hoti hai jo dil ko khoon faraham karti hain aur seene mein dard (angina), saans lene mein dushwari aur dil ke doray ka sabab banti hai.
- Dil ka dora (Myocardial Infarction): Jab dil ke pathon ke hisson ko zarurat ke mutabiq khoon nahi milta.
- Heart Failure: Dil ki na-kaami ke naam se bhi jaana jata hai, yeh tab hota hai jab dil jism ki zaruratein poori karne ke liye kaafi khoon pump nahi kar sakta.
- Arrhythmia: Jis ke nateeje mein dharkan tez hona, chakkar aana, saans lene mein dushwari, seene mein dard aur behoshi shamil hoti hai.
- Cardiomyopathy: Dil ke liye jism ke baqi hisson mein khoon pump karne mein dushwari ka sabab banti hai aur dil ki na-kaami ka sabab ban sakti hai.
- Dil ke valves ka aarza: Ek ya ek se zyada dil ke valves ko nuqsan pohanchta hai jo dil ke zariye khoon ke bahao mein khalal daal sakta hai.
- Paidaishi dil ke naqais: Yeh dil ke structural masail hain jin ke sath ek shakhs paida hota hai, aur in mein symptoms ke bagair seedhe masail se le kar severe jaan leva symptoms tak shamil hain.
- Sheh rag ki bemari: Aisi haalat jo sheh rag ko mutasir karti hai. Sheh rag ek barri shariyan hoti hai jo khoon ko dil se baqi jism tak le jati hai.
- Peripheral Artery Disease: Aisi haalat jis mein khoon ki naliyan tang ho jati hain aur aza tak khoon ka bahao kam ho jata hai. Is ke nateeje mein chalne par tangon mein dard, numbness, tangon ki kamzori ya thandi mehsoos hoti hai.
- Rheumatic Heart Disease: Yeh ghatia ke bukhar ki wajah se hone wali soozish aur zakham ke sabab dil ke valves aur pathon ko nuqsan pohanchta hai.
Dil ki is qisam ki bemariyon, in ki alamaat aur sehat par in ke asraat ko samajhne se aarza-e-qalb ka jaldi pata lagane, is ki rok tham ya ilaaj mein madad mil sakti hai.
Gareebi aur Beemariyan:
In dono ne apni 50 ki dehai ke aaghaz mein coronary angioplasty karwai thi aur sirf us waqt doctor se mashwara kiya jab inhein saans ki takleef mehsoos hui.
Inhein dil ki bemari se nimatne ya inhein bemari kyu hui is hawale se koi maloomat nahi hain.
Amna kehti hain, “Mere dil ke operation ke baad, doctor ne mujhe charbi aur kuch nishasta-daar ghazain jaise aloo khane se parhez karne ka mashwara diya, lekin kisi bhi surat mein hamare paas gosht khane ka aish nahi hai, chahe surkh ho, murghi ho, ya dabba-band khana. Main bohot hairan hui jab mujhe bataya gaya ke mera cholesterol zyada hai, kyunke mera khayal tha ke aisi beemariyan sirf un logon ko lagti hain jo bohot zyada gosht aur charbi khate hain, na ke mere jaise logon ko.”
Sharif kehte hain, “Meri umar ke logon ke liye rozgar ke moqe ki kami ki wajah se cigarette hi wahid raah-e-faraar thi. Hum pareshaniyan hi khate hain aur unhi ke sath sote hain.”
Amna aur Sharif intehai mehroom mahal mein dil ki bemari ke mareezon ke samandar mein sirf ek qatra hain.
Oman mein ek consultant cardiologist Waleed Sawaleh ne BBC Arabi ko bataya ke, “Gareebi aur sakht zindagi ki wajah se, sab se zyada mehroom ilaqon ke bashinday nafsiati dabo aur pareshaani ka shikar hain, jiski wajah rozgar ke moqe ki kami aur mustaqbil ke mutaliq ghair yaqeeni surat-e-haal hai.”
Woh kehte hain, “Main tanav aur izteraab se nimatne ke liye baqaidgi se exercise karne ka mashwara deta hoon. Yeh nafsiati tor par mood mein behtari, aaram aur jismani tandurusti mein izafa ka sabab banti hai. Isse un amraz ki shiddat ko kam karne mein madad milti hai jo ke dil ki bemari ka sabab ban sakte hain.”
Woh mazeed kehte hain, “Iske sath sath logon ko tambaku noshi ke khataraat aur high blood pressure, diabetes, jisam ki zyada charbi waghera ki wajah ke baare mein aagahi bhi honi chahiye.”
Nafsiati Tanav:
Darhaqeeqat gareebi na sirf dil ki bemariyon balki bohot si doosri bemariyon ka sabab ban sakti hai. Kyunke munasib tibbi sahoolatain na hone ke baais cancer, diabetes aur doosri bemariyan laa-haq ho sakti hain.
Is tehqeeq se pata chala hai ke zyada tanav ka shikar logon ke amygdala mein sargarmi barh jati hai aur unki shiraanon mein zyada soozish hoti hai. In mein dil ki bemari hone ka imkaan bhi doosron ke muqable mein zyada tha.
Europe mein amraz-e-qalb ki tehqeeq ke sab se bade idaray British Heart Foundation ne haal hi mein tamam siyasi jamaaton se sehat ke shobay mein amraz-e-qalb ko tarjeeh dene ki appeal ki.
Iske chief executive Charmaine Griffiths ne kaha, “Yeh sharmnaak baat hai... hamare dour mein bhi koi sirf isliye kam umri mein dil ki bemari se mar jata hai ke woh kahan rehta hai aur uski aamdani kam hai.”
Dil ki Beemariyon se Kaise Bacha Ja Sakta Hai?
Manchester Metropolitan University mein ghizaiyat ki senior lecturer aur doctor Orla Flannery ne BBC Arabi ko bataya ke, “Hamari tarz-e-zindagi ke bohot se aise aamaal hain jo dil ki bemari ka sabab bante hain. Ghair sehat-baksh ghiza aur kam jismani sargharmiyan bhi dil ki bemari ka usi tarah sabab ban sakti hain jaise cigarette noshi, bohot zyada sharab peena, nafsiati tanav aur motapa.”
Flannery mazeed kehti hain, “Tambaku noshi chorne aur sehat-mand ghiza ke sath sath bemari se bachne ke kai tareeqe hain. Misal ke taur par, Mediterranean diet jis mein bohot zyada phal, sabziyan, machhli aur phaliyan khayi jati hain.
“Har khane mein ek phal aur sabzi shamil karna zaruri hai. Din mein 30 minute ki chal-kadmi tanav ki satah ko kam karne aur dil ki bemari aur doosre araz ko rokne mein madad karti hai.”
British National Health Service ke ek consultant vascular surgeon Iyad Alnaib kehte hain ke, “Shiraanon ke amraz ki badi wajah mein bilkhusoos cigarette noshi, high blood pressure, cholesterol, diabetes aur motapa shamil hain.”
Ghair Mutawazan Ghiza:
Qalbi amraz ke ilaaj mein scientific aur technical taraqqi ke bawajood iski rok-tham ab bhi ek aham masla hai.
Alnaib kehte hain ke, “Agarche is bemari ki alaamatain darmiyani umar mein zahir ho sakti hain lekin yeh bemari khud ek dehai qabal wujood mein aana shuru ho jati hai, is liye hamare paas isse jaldi bachao ke liye kaafi waqt hai.”
Alnaib ka khayal hai ke gareebi ya mehdood aamdani qalbi amraz, diabetes aur cancer ke zahoor mein ek aham anasir hai.
Hamein kuch ghareeb mumalik ke bashindon ke liye dastiyab tibbi sahoolat ki kami ko faramosh nahi karna chahiye, aur in mein cigarette noshi karne walon ka bara tanaasub bhi aham kirdar ada karta hai.
Unka mazeed kehna ke tanav ka ansar sakht halaat-e-zindagi se juda hua hai, yeh jism mein aisi keemiyai rutubatein paida karta hai jo blood pressure yani high blood pressure ki wajah banti hain.
Woh mazeed kehte hain ke, “Hamein ghair mutawazan ghiza ko kabhi nahi bhoolna chahiye, jo wazan mein izafa aur diabetes ka sabab ban sakti hai, jo dil ki bemari ke khatre ko barhane mein aham kirdar ada karti hai.”
Dil ki bemariyan hamesha duniya bhar mein badi tadaad mein amwaat ka sabab banti hain. Inse bachao ke liye zaruri iqdamat karne ki sifarish ki jati hai, jaise ke dil ke liye sehat-mand tarz-e-zindagi apnana, jismein mutawazan ghiza barqarar rakhna aur baqaidah jismani sargharmiyan shamil hain.
Aisi nuqsan-deh aadaten se bacha jaye jinse mutaliq khabar-dar kiya jata hai.
Baqaidgi se tibbi moaina karwayen aur high blood pressure, diabetes aur cholesterol ki baqaidgi se jaanch karen taake baat bigarne se pehle sambhali ja sake.
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Crédit :- BBC.COM/URDU
