Hum apne dimagh ko sehatmand aur tez kaise bana sakte hain?

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Tezi se badalti duniya, musalsal taraqqi karti technology aur is ke baais humari rozmarra ki zindagi mein tabdeeliyan.

Humara dimagh in tamam cheezon ke liye nahi banaya gaya tha jo aaj hum karte hain. Phir bhi, hum is jadeed duniya ke sath achi tarah dhal chuke hain aur tabdeelion ke mutabiq khud ko musalsal badal rahe hain.

Ye sab humare dimagh ki wajah se mumkin hua hai. Dimagh hamare jism ka aisa uzoo hai jo khud ko dhalne, sikhne aur tayar karne ki zabardast salahiyat rakhta hai.

Sawal ye paida hota hai ke hum apne is hairat angez uzoo ko sehatmand kaise rakh sakte hain? Kya koi aisa tareeqa hai jis ke zariye hum dimagh ki salahiyat ko barhakar use tez kar sakte hain?

BBC ki Melissa Hoganbam ne ek nai tehqeeq ka mutala kiya aur in sawalat ke jawab talash karne ke liye kuch maahireen se baat ki.

England ki University of Surrey mein Clinical Psychology ke Professor Thorsten Barnhofer ne BBC ko bataya ke hum apne dimagh ki salahiyaton ko kai tareeqon se barha sakte hain.

Woh batate hain ke, "Kuch aise amal hain jo tanav ko kam karte hain aur sirf chand hafton mein 'neuroplasticity' ko farogh dete hain. Neuroplasticity ko barhakar, dementia jaisi bemariyon se bacha ja sakta hai aur yahan tak ke nafsiati sadme ki wajah se dimagh ko pohnchnay wale nuqsan ko bhi kam kiya ja sakta hai."

Magar yeh Neuroplasticity kya hai?

Neuroplasticity moosool hone wali maloomat ki buniyad par hamare dimagh ki khud ko tabdeel karne ki salahiyat hai (ya sade alfaaz mein hamare aasabi nizam ki lachak).

Lucknow mein maahir nafsiyaat Rajesh Pandey ne BBC ko bataya ke neuroplasticity darasal hamare dimagh mein mojood neurons, jinhain asabi khuliye bhi kaha jata hai, mein banne aur tabdeel hone wale rabite hain.

Woh kehte hain ke, "Hamara dimagh ek wiring system jaisa hai. Dimagh mein arbon neurons hote hain. Hamare hessi azaa jaise aankh, kaan, naak, moonh aur jild, bairooni maloomat ko dimagh tak pohanchate hain. Ye maloomat neurons ke darmiyan rabite bana kar dimagh mein mehfooz ki jati hain."

Rajesh kehte hain ke, "Jab hum paida hote hain to yeh neurons bohot kam rabiton mein hote hain. Iztarari rabite pehle se mojood hain, jaise bache ka haath kisi garm cheez ke sath lagne se uska apne haath ko foran se apni jaanib wapas kheenchna waghera. Lekin woh zameen se pakad kar keeda ya koi muzarr reengne wala janwar utha kar moonh mein dal sakta hai kyunke uske dimagh mein aise connections nahi hote jo usse yeh bata saken ke aisa karna khatarnak hai. Magar waqt ke sath bacha seekhta rehta hai aur uske dimagh mein asabi rabite bante rehte hain."

Rajesh Pandey batate hain ke, "Naye tajurbaat ke sath yeh rabite bhi badal jate hain. Is poore amal ko neuroplasticity kehte hain. Yeh seekhne, tajurbaat takhleeq karne aur yaadon ko zakhira karne ka pas-e-pardah amal hai."

Neuroplasticity ko kaise barhaya ja sakta hai?

Professor Thorsten Barnhofer ka kehna hai ke "Dimagh ke zarurat se zyada istemal ki wajah se dimagh mein tanav barhta hai."

Woh kehte hain ke baar baar ek hi cheez ki fikar karna nuqsan daayak hai kyun ke is se dimagh mein cortisol hormone ki satah barh jati hai.

Ye hormone dimagh ke liye nuqsan daayak hai aur neuroplasticity ke liye rukawatein paida karta hai. Is se bachne ka tareeqa zehni aagahi hai.

Zehni Aagahi (Mindfulness)

Zehni aagahi ka seedha matlab hai apne irrd gird ke mahaul, apne khayalat aur apne hise azaa (aankhein, kaan, naak, moonh, jild) se aagah hona. Iska matlab hai ke zyada soche bagair is par tawajju dein ke aap is waqt kya mehsoos kar rahe hain.

Maahir nafsiat Rajesh Pandey kehte hain ke "agar seedhi zaban mein samjha jaye, to zehni aagahi ka matlab ye jan'na hai ke dimagh mein bahar se hamare hise azaa ke zariye kya maloomat aa rahi hain aur dimagh ke andar pehle se mojood maloomat ko kis tarah istemal kiya ja raha hai."

Muraqabe ki misaal dete hue woh kehte hain ke, "Saada zuban mein, yeh aap ke hessi azaa par tawajjo markooz karne ka amal hai. Aap ki saans lene par tawajjo dena ya mehsoos karna ke mausam garm hai ya thanda."

"Is se asabi rabite bhi paida hote hain. Aap dekhein ge ke agar koi shakhs din mein sirf 15 minute tak in hessi azaa par tawajjo de to uska chalna, bolna, hansna, muskaraana, sab kuch badal jayega."

Haal hi mein yeh samne aya hai ke neuroplasticity ke amal ke doran dimagh ki saakht bhi badal jati hai.

Is ko jaanchne ke liye, BBC ki Melissa Hoganboom ne ek dafa apne dimagh ka scan karwaya, chh hafton tak muraqaba kiya aur phir dobara scan karwaya.

Pichle aur naye scan ka muqabla karne ke baad, Professor Barnhofer ne kaha ke chh hafton mein Melissa ke dimagh mein neuroplasticity mein izafa hua tha.

Unhon ne kaha, "Dimagh ke daayen hisse ka size kam ho gaya hai. Yeh tanau mein kami ki wajah se hota hai. Yeh un logon mein barhta hai jinhein pareshani aur tanau hota hai. Humne pehle bhi dekha hai ke zehni sazi ki training ne iska size kam kiya." Dimagh ke pichhle hisse mein bhi tabdeeli aayi hai. "Iska matlab hai ke zehan mein khalfishar mein kami aayi hai."

Warzish bhi madadgaar hai

Maahirain ka kehna hai ke warzish dimagh mein neuroplasticity barhane mein bhi ahm kirdar ada kar sakti hai.

Italy ke 'Centro Neurolisi' Institute ke director, Professor Angelo Quattrone ke mutabiq agar rozana 30 minute aur hafta mein 4 se 5 din warzish ki jaye to is ke dimagh par achay asraat mard karte hain.

University of Sussex mein taqabli idraak ke professor Gillian Forster ne kaha ke dimagh mein hone wali sar-garmiyan aur tabdiliyan jismani harkaton se gehra taluq rakhti hain.

Woh kehti hain, "Hum ne dekha hai ke agar kisi ko bolne mein diqqat hoti hai to bolte waqt haath ke ishare se madad mil sakti hai. Dar asal humare dimagh ka woh hissa jo bolne mein madad karta hai, us hissa se jura hota hai, jaise ke haath, tangon ya bazuon ki madad se kaam karne mein madad milti hai. Shayad yeh is liye hua kyun ke zuban ki ibtida isharon se hoti hai."

University of London ke School of Psychology mein Dr. Ori Osmi ka kehna hai ke muraqba ke ilawa jismani warzish bhi tanav ko kam karti hai.

Woh kehte hain, "Humara dimagh har waqt apne aap ko badalta rehta hai. Lekin yeh amal bachon mein tezi se hota hai. Yeh dekha gaya hai ke jo bachay apne bazuon aur tangon ko normal satah par harkat dete hain woh baad mein achi tarah bol sakte hain. Lekin jo log aisa nahi karte, unmein se kuch ko baad mein bolne ya samaji rawaiyoon mein diqqat ho sakti hai."

Maahir Nafsiat Rajesh Pandey batatay hain ke sirf warzish hi nahi balkay koi bhi naya kaam karna, jaise moseki ya zaban seekhna, neuroplasticity ko barha sakta hai, kyun ke jab hum kuch naya dekhte, seekhte ya sochte hain to dimagh mein naye aasar bhi bante hain.

Woh kehte hain, "Insani dimagh zindagi bhar ke asar bana sakta hai. Aap 80 saal ki umar mein bhi nayi zaban seekh sakte hain. Kisi nayi jagah jane, routine ko tod kar kuch naya karne ke bohot faiday hain. Humein bas usay naye tajarbat dete rehna hai."

Dimaghi Nuqsan ka ilaaj

Italy ke 'Centro Neurolisi' Institute mein a'asabi masail mein mubtila mareezon ka jadeed technology ki madad se ilaaj kiya jata hai.

Is idaray ke director, Professor Angelo Quattrone ka kehna hai ke jo log chal nahi sakte, un ke liye khusoosi games banai gayi hain. Yeh unke dimagh ko signals bhejti rehti hain aur is se plasticity barh jati hai aur dimagh un rabeton ko dobara banane ke qabil hota hai jo kisi haadse ya faalij ki wajah se toot gaye hain. Isay 'rewiring' kehte hain.

Mustaqbil mein seekhne ka amal asaan ho jayega

Ab tak yeh samjha jata tha ke bachon mein neuroplasticity zyada hoti hai. Lekin ab poori duniya mein iska istemal dimagh ko faal rakhne aur is se hone wale nuqsan ko kam karne ke liye balghon mein kiya ja raha hai.

University of Cambridge mein tajribaati nafsiyat ke professor Zoe Cortese ka kehna hai ke har insaan ke dimagh mein seekhne ki apni taal bhi hoti hai.

Unhone BBC ki science sahafi Melissa Hogan Boom ko bataya ke "Har insaan ka dimagh apni taal mein kaam karta hai. Agar is shakhs ko uske dimagh ki taal ke mutabiq maloomat di jayein to woh tezi se seekh sakta hai."

Cambridge University mein kiye gaye ek tajrabe mein logon ko hal karne ke liye kuch sawalat diye gaye. Phir uske dimagh ki barqi sar-garmi ki pimaish ki gayi. Is se andaza hua ke uska dimagh kis taal mein kaam kar raha hai. Phir jab is taal ke mutabiq sawalat diye gaye to woh unhein behtar tareeqay se hal karne mein kamyab ho gaye.

Yeh tahqiqat abhi ibtidaai marahil mein hai aur umeed ki ja rahi hai ke mustaqbil mein logon ko unke dimagh ki taal ke mutabiq behtar tareeqay se sikhaya ja sakta hai, unki neuroplasticity ko barhaya ja sakta hai.

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Crédit :- BBC.COM/URDU